Explain the difference between lists and tuples in Python.

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In Python, lists and tuples are both used to store collections of items, but they differ in key ways related to mutability, performance, and use cases.

1. Mutability:

• List: Mutable — elements can be changed, added, or removed after the list is created.

• Tuple: Immutable — once created, elements cannot be modified or changed.

2. Syntax:

• List: Defined using square brackets []

• Tuple: Defined using parentheses ()

Performance:

• Tuples are generally faster than lists because they are immutable and have a smaller memory footprint.

• This makes tuples a good choice for fixed data that won't change, especially in performance-sensitive applications.

4. Use Cases:

• Use lists when you need a dynamic collection that can change (e.g., user inputs, appending items).

• Use tuples when the collection is fixed or should not be altered (e.g., coordinates, days of the week, dictionary keys).

5. Tuples as Dictionary Keys:

• Only immutable types can be used as dictionary keys. Tuples can be keys; lists cannot.

Summary:

• List = Mutable, slower, dynamic.

• Tuple = Immutable, faster, fixed.

Choosing between them depends on whether you need to modify the data.

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