Explain REST API and how you would build one using Flask or Django.

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A REST API (Representational State Transfer Application Programming Interface) is a way for web applications to communicate over HTTP by following a set of architectural principles. It uses standard HTTP methods like GET, POST, PUT, and DELETE to perform operations on resources, which are typically represented in JSON format.

REST API Key Concepts:

  • Resource: A data entity (e.g., user, product).

  • HTTP Methods:

    • GET: Retrieve data

    • POST: Create data

    • PUT: Update data

    • DELETE: Remove data

  • Endpoints: URLs that map to resources (e.g., /api/users/)

Building a REST API with Flask:

Flask is a lightweight Python web framework. You can use Flask with Flask-RESTful or Flask with flask.jsonify.

Building a REST API with Django:

Django is a full-featured web framework. To build APIs, use Django REST Framework (DRF).

Steps:

  1. Install DRF: pip install djangorestframework

  2. Add it to INSTALLED_APPS

  3. Define a model, serializer, and viewset.

Then use routers to route API endpoints.

REST APIs make applications scalable, stateless, and easy to integrate with frontend or mobile apps.

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